Types of Turquoise - A Turquoise Lover's Guide Turquoise jewelry is your best friend if you wish to explore the breathtaking allure of the sky and the sea. What is turquoise? Basically, it is a mineral of copper and aluminum-rich phosphate which is loved for its uses in the field of jewelry making. Although there are many types of turquoise stones, it is mainly of six types –normal turquoise, copper turquoise, oyster turquoise, Tibetan turquoise, Purple Mojave turquoise, and green copper turquoise.